Guidelines for living donor liver transplantation in India

General Guidelines For Living Donor Liver Transplantation In Inida

These guidelines for living donor Liver Transplantation in India has been prepared to provide  patient and family direction to get prepared before travelling to India.

Table of Contents

Who is a Liver Transplant Candidate?

When you have end stage liver disease and medical therapy doesn’t yields any result, then  you may be eligible for a liver transplant.

A candidate for liver transplant may suffer from any of these liver conditions:

  • Non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis or fatty liver disease
  • Alcoholic liver disease
    Primary liver cancers
    Primary biliary cirrhosis
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Autoimmune hepatitis
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Acute liver disease from toxins
  • Alpha 1 Antityrpsin deficiency
  • A failed prior liver transplant
  • Polycystic disease
  • Hemochromatosis
  • Veno-occlusive disease
  • Wilson’s disease

What are excluding criteria for a Liver Transplant?

There are many requirements for liver transplant surgery. Before you can begin the liver transplant evaluation process, you must be free of:

  • Cancer outside the liver
  • Alcohol for at least 6 months
  • Substance abuse
  • Active infections
  • Disabling psychiatric conditions
  • Documented medical non-compliance
  • Lack of adequate social support
  • Lack of adequate insurance
  • Other diseases or conditions

Liver Transplantation: General Requirement

  1. The patient must have a letter/ prescription from a Gastroenterologist/ Hepatologist/ Physician who will recommend a Liver Transplant as the treatment of the liver disease. After the treatment we will be referring you back to the concerned referring doctor for the after care at your home
  2. The need of liver transplant will be re-assessed and confirmed once the patient reaches our facility.
  3. In case, the patient wants to have an opinion earlier to their travel to know the possibility and need of liver transplant, then you can send us the necessary reports as mentioned below through
    • A Medical Summary prepared by the referring doctor with detailed history and symptoms of the patient.
    • HbsAg, Anti HCV, HIV I & II, CBC/ Hemogram, Liver Function Test (LFT), Urea, Creatinine, Sodium, Potassium, P time/ INR,
    • A good quality triple phase CT Angiography of the liver (it is safe to do this test in those who have normal urea, creatinine levels and no contrast allergy) or ultrasonography
    • Urine routine/ microscopy, urine protein creatinine
    • A recent upper GI endoscopy
    • Height and body weight
  4. Once the patient reached our facility, some additional tests and examination will be carried out to assess the patient’s fitness to undergo such a major

Liver Transplantation: Donor Selection Criterion

  • The patient has to arrange for blood group compatible related donors from the
  • The donor has to be a relative.
  • Blood group should be compatible to the patient (either the same blood type as your patient, or blood type “O.” Rh factor—positive or negative— does not affect the suitability to donate, Patients with blood group AB can receive organ from any blood group).
  • Age of the donor should be between 18 to 50
  • The donor should not be too obese. There should not be huge difference in height and weight of the recipient and

Liver Transplantation: Blood Group Compatibility Chart

Patient Blood Group

Matching Donor Group

A+ or A-

A+/ A-/ O+/ O-

B+ or B-

B+/ B-/ O+/ O-

AB+ or AB-

Any blood group acceptable

O+ or O-

O+/ O-

In case same or compatible blood group donor is not available, it is also possible to perform transplant across blood group with similar success rate but this increases the cost and duration of stay in India.

It is preferable to perform basic tests to the donor at a centre near home to avoid the disappointment of a potential donor being rejected.

  • Blood grouping
  • CBC, LFT, KFT
  • HBs Ag, Anti HCV, HIV
  • Blood Sugar, HBA1C
  • USG abdomen for fatty liver, Chest X ray
  • Blood group (Donor & Patient)

Also let us know about the following facts for the donor

Any history of Diabetes

: Yes/ No

Any history of Hyper Tension

: Yes/ No

Any history of Cardiac Disease

: Yes/ No

Any history of Jaundice

: Yes/ No

Any history of Tuberculosis

: Yes/ No

Any history of Asthma

: Yes/ No

Any history of Mental illness

: Yes/ No

Any history of Previous surgery

: Yes/ No

Does he/she take Alcohol

: Yes/ No

Does he/she Smoke

: Yes/ No

Does he/she have any other addictions

: Yes/ No

Duration of Stay Of The Recipient And The Donor

  • The stay will be 6-8 weeks for the recipient and 4-5 weeks for the donor in
  • After arrival, the patient and the donor will be evaluated and approval from the legal committees will be taken. The time required for these is approximately 10-14
  • The stay of the recipient in the hospital is approximately 21 days and the stay of the donor in the hospital will be 8
  • After the transplant, the recipient has to stay for at least 3-4 weeks and the donor for at least 2- 3 weeks in

Follow-Up

  • The follow-up protocol will be explained by the team after the transplant with a printed format customized for the patient. The team will be in continuous touch with the patient and the family and will ask for necessary test from time to

Important Instructions For Legal Workup For Liver Transplantation

Hospital is a multi and super specialty hospital and is a registered organ transplant centre as per the provisions of Section 15 of the Transplant of Human Organs Act, 1994 (THOA) and all the organ transplant surgeries in the Hospital are carried out only as per the provisions of the THOA.

  1. The patient, donor & donor’s next of kin also has to come to Hospital to appear in the Authorisation Committee meeting to get the legal clearance to undergo Liver Transplant surgery, which is a legal requirement and is mandatory for all the patients. (The donor’s next of kin can be spouse- if donor is married, parents –if donor is unmarried, Siblings –if the donor is unmarried and parents not available).
    In case if the donors next of kin is not able to come to India, a video conference should be done on the day of authorization committee meeting at Hospital to record their consent for the donors surgery.

    • As per the law, the donor should be a near relative of the recipient (The patient).
      The definition of the term “near relative” means spouse, son, daughter, father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, grandson or grand daughter.
    • If the Donor is married –presence of spouse is necessary.
    • If Donor is unmarried – presence of Father OR Mother is necessary
    • In events of Father OR Mother not alive, Brother, Sister/ Son/ Daughter should be present (above the age of 18years).
  2. Relationship between Donor/Patient/Donor’s next of kin needs to be established through any of the following documents;
    • Passport
    • National ID card/ Nationality certificate
    • Birth certificate
    • Marriage certificate
    • Driving license
    • Family card/ Family registry
    • Or any other proof like, certificate along with attested photographs from court/concerned Govt. Department/ high commission of their country.
  3. If the donor is not a near relative (any relative other than –Father, Mother, Brother, Sister, Son, Daughter) the following documents are necessary.

    • Bank statements 2year OR Affidavit stating income OR Letter from employer stating salary. The document has to be attested by the concerned authority (court/Notary/concerned Govt. Department/ high commission of the country)
    • Proof of unfit donors in the family
      *(This means proof explaining why patient’s blood relatives/ first degree relatives like Patients wife, children, brothers, sisters, Father, mother are not donating. The proof can be Blood group report OR any other medical reports explaining the reason for being unfit for donation OR Medical certificates –on illness/not able to travel
      /donate.)
    • FAMILY TREE demonstrating the relationship between the Patient, Donor and the Donor Close Relative. The document should contain passport size photograph of the Patient, Donor and the Donor Close Relative and it should be attested by the court OR high commission of respective country.
    • Documentary evidence to prove the claimed distant relationship. The ID proofs, Birth certificate, Marriage certificate& Family photographs of all the individuals involved in the relation.
    • Old family photographs (minimum 4-5 different old photographs), showing recipient, donor and donor’s near relative. The photographs should be minimum 3-4 years old.

Note

  • International patients have to come on – valid medical visa for patient & donor
  • Once the above listed documents are prepared you are requested to send a scanned copy of all the documents to us by email at the earliest to crosscheck & confirm whether the legal documents that has been prepared are in order so as to avoid any errors in
  • All the documents in native language should be translated in English and attested by the Court/ Notary/Legal
  • All the photographs on the two affidavits are required to be attested by the State’s Judicial representatives (Court/ Notary/Legal translator )
  • The following documents are necessary for spousal donor:
    • Marriage certificate or Marriage Album
    • Information on the number and age of children
    • Birth certificate of children containing the particulars of the parents.
    • Other credible evidence